What a CVV selling site is

A CVV selling site is a storefront that resells payment card data taken from breaches, skimmers, and phishing pages. Inventory lists a card number, expiration date, cardholder name, and the three or four digit security code. Operators host these shops on clearnet domains, Telegram channels, and Tor hidden services. Buying the data, selling it, or using it to move money is a federal crime in the United States.

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What the shops list

Listings sort by card brand, issuing bank, country, and account balance tier. A record with the security code sells for a few dollars in bulk. A record that also carries a Social Security number, date of birth, and billing address is sold as "fullz" and prices higher. Stolen card numbers without the security code are called "dumps."

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The statutes involved

18 U.S.C. 1029 covers access device fraud. Selling or possessing counterfeit access devices carries up to 10 years for a first offense and 20 years for a second. Section 1029(a)(3) makes possession of 15 or more unauthorized access devices a crime by itself. Wire fraud under 18 U.S.C. 1343 adds up to 20 years. Aggravated identity theft under 18 U.S.C. 1028A adds a mandatory 2 year term that runs consecutive to the underlying sentence.

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Restitution orders follow the sentence. Courts order defendants to repay issuing banks and cardholders for losses tied to the accounts they touched.

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Enforcement record

The Department of Justice runs Operation Boiling Point, a coordinated effort against carding and credential theft. In April 2023, the FBI and Europol seized Genesis Market, a marketplace that sold stolen browser fingerprints and account data. In 2023, the founder of Try2Check, a card validation service used by carding shops, was sentenced to 5 years in prison.

Why the security code is hard to get

PCI DSS Requirement 3.2 bars merchants from storing the CVV after a transaction is authorized. That rule keeps most codes out of retail breach dumps. Codes that reach the market come from skimmers on fuel pumps and ATMs, phishing pages, and interception of online checkout sessions.

Cardholder liability

The Fair Credit Billing Act and Regulation Z cap a consumer's liability for unauthorized credit card charges at $50. Debit card liability depends on reporting speed. Report a lost debit card within two business days and liability caps at $50. Wait past 60 days to report an unauthorized transfer and the cap can disappear.

Steps after a card is compromised

  1. Call the issuer and close the account.
  2. Dispute each charge in writing.
  3. Request a new card number.
  4. Pull a free credit report from each of the three bureaus and look for new accounts.
  5. File a report with the FTC identity theft portal and with the FBI Internet Crime Complaint Center.